Simple past" = passado
Comparação entre "simple present" e "simple past"
Simple Present:
I listen to music every day. (Eu escuto música todos os dias.)
Simple past:
She played the violin yesterday afternoon. (Ela tocou violino ontem à tarde.)
O "Simple past" regular é formado acrescentando-se -ed ao final do verbo.
Ex: talk - talked / work - worked / play - played
Quando o verbo regular termina em -e basta acrescentar o -d.
Ex: love - loved
Quando termina em -y precedido de consoante, substitui-se o -y por -ied.
Ex: study - studied
Esta regra não é usada quando o -y é precedido de vogal.
Ex: enjoy - enjoyed
Quando o verbo termina em uma consoante precedida por apenas uma vogal, dobra-se a consoante final antes de se acrescentar -ed.
Ex: stop - stopped
O "simple past" não varia de pessoa para pessoa.
Ex: I organized my schedule. (Eu organizei meu planejamento.)
He wrote poems . (Ele escreveu poemas).
Exemplos de verbos irregulares:
Ex: drive - drove / do - did / have - had
I woke up late yesterday. (Eu acordei tarde ontem.)
She took her kids home. (Ela levou os filhos dela para casa.)
Para saber o "simple past" de verbos irregulares é preciso consultar uma tabela específica. As tabelas de verbos geralmente são da seguinte forma:
INFINITIVE SIMPLE PAST
PAST PARTICIPLE
BEGIN BEGAN
BEGUN
Nesta lição estamos interessados no "simple past", o "infinitive" corresponde à forma presente do verbo. O "past participle" será visto no curso intermediário. Para passar da forma afirmativa para a negativa no "simple past", utiliza-se o auxiliar "did" + "not". Quando o verbo auxiliar está no "simple past" o verbo principal é colocado no infinitivo.
Ex: I played chess last week. / I did not play poker last week.
Esta regra também é válida para verbos irregulares.
Ex: We spent the weekend in Rio de Janeiro. / We did not spend the weekend in Salvador.
"Did not" é abreviado para "didn't".
Ex: They didn't know anything about this. (Eles não sabiam nada sobre isso.)
No "simple past" interrogativo, iniciamos a sentença com "did", o verbo principal fica no infinitivo.
Ex: You went home for lunch. / Did you go home for lunch?
Perguntas com "what", "where", "why":
What did you do last Friday? (O que você fez na sexta-feira passada?)
Where did they meet? (Aonde eles se encontraram?)
Why didn't you go to the party? (Por que você não foi à festa?)
Verbo "to do" (fazer)
Laura did the homework. (Laura fez a lição de casa.)
Laura didn't do the shopping. (Laura não fez as compras.)
Did Laura do the cleaning? (A Laura fez a faxina?)
Respostas completas e curtas:
Did he do the job? / Yes, he did the job. / yes, he did.
No, he didn't do the job. / No, he didn't.
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O "simple past" do verbo "to be" é:
I
was
you
were
he
was
she
was
it
was
we
were
you
were
they
were
Ex: I was tired. (Eu estava cansada.)
He was busy. (Ele estava ocupado.)
Na forma interrogativa, inverte-se a posição do verbo com a do sujeito.
Was he handsome?
Was he late?
Respostas completas e curtas
Yes, he was handsome. / Yes, he was.
No, he wasn't late. / No, he wasn't.
Tablela do verbo "to be" em sua forma negativa completa e abreviada:
I was not
I wasn't
You were not
You weren't
he was not
he wasn't
she was not
she wasn't
it was not
it wasn't
we were not
we weren't
you were not
you weren't
they were not
they weren't
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